I received this in the email earlier this week and I find its lessons very relevant especially at this time of “wealth redistribution“. Once there was a little island country. The land of this country was the tiny island itself. The total money in circulation was $2 as there were only two 1-dollar coins in circulation. There were 3 citizens living in this island country. A owned the land while B and C each owned a dollar.

  1. B decides to purchase the land from A for $1. So, A and C now own $1 each while B owns a piece of land that is worth $1. The net asset of the country is $3.
  2. C thinks that since there is only one piece of land in the country and land is an asset that cannot be produced, its value will definitely go up. So, he borrowed a dollar from A and together with his own dollar, he bought the land from B for $2. A has a loan to C of 1 dollar, so his net asset is $1. B sold his land and $2, so his net asset is $2. C owns the piece of land worth 2 dollar but with his $1 debt to A, his net asset is $1. The net assets of the country are $4.
  3. A sees that the value of land he once owned has gone up. He regrets selling it. Luckily, he has a $1 loan to C. So he borrows $2 from B and acquires the land back from C for $3. The payment is made by the $2 in cash (which he borrowed) and cancellation of the $1 loan to C. A now owns a piece of land that is worth $3. But since he owes B $2, his net asset is $1. B loaned $2 to A, so his net asset is $2. C now has the two coins. His net asset is also $2. The net asset of the country is $5. A bubble is building up.
  4. B sees that the value of land has continued to rise. He also wants to own the land. So he buys the land from A for $4. The payment is by borrowing $2 from C and cancellation of his $2 loan to A. A has cleared his debt and he has the two coins. His net assets are $2. B owns a piece of land that is worth $4 but since he owes $2 to C, his net assets are $2. C loaned $2 to B, so his net assets are $2. The net assets of the country are $6. Keep in mind, that the country has only one piece of land and 2 dollar in circulation. Everybody has made money and everybody feels happy and prosperous.
  5. One day an evil wind began to blow. An evil thought came to C. “Hey, what if the land price stops going up, how could B repay my loan. There is only $2 in circulation, I think after all the land that B owns is worth at most $1.” A also has the same thought.
  6. Nobody wants to buy land anymore. In the end, A owns the two 1-dollar coins; and his net assets are $2. B owes C $2. And the land, that he thought was worth $4, is now worth only $1. His net asset becomes a negative $1. C has loaned 2 dollar to B. But it is a bad debt. Although his net asset is still 2 dollar, his pulse is racing. The net assets of the country are $3 again.

Who has stolen the $3 from the country’s economy? Of course, before the bubble burst, B thought his land was worth $4. Just before the collapse of the country’s economy, the net assets of the country were $6 on paper. B’s net assets are still $2, his pulse is racing. B has no choice but to declare bankruptcy. C has to relinquish his $2 bad debt to B but in return he acquired the land which is worth $1 now. A owns the two 1-dollar coins; his net assets are $2. B is bankrupt. C has no choice but to end up with land worth only $1; he lost one dollar. The net assets of the country are $3.

The country’s wealth has been re-distributed. A is the winner; he has gained a dollar. B is the loser; he has lost a dollar. C is lucky that he somehow managed to end up with land that is worth a dollar. Below are some points that I feel are worth noting:

Which lessons did you learn?

3 Responses

  1. Buddy, this is classical. I read something similar to this sometime ago, but you simplified everything.
    This is exactly the problem Nigeria is currently undergoing. We have shifted focus from productive activities such as agriculture and manufacturing. Instead, everyone is engage in the “mumbo jumbo” called investment. The financial firms are declaring astronomical figures as profit while the productive sectors of the economy are dying right under our nose.
    Without a degree in Economics, anyone with common sense will notice that the set-up is faulty and will eventually crumble. It is just a matter of time.
    Thanks for sharing this. I’m going to give it a STUMBLE! 😉

  2. My verdict on this is that any so called wealth
    distribution that neglect adding value to people
    life will in no time collapse.

    To translate this to what is happening in
    Nigeria stock market,some of the quoted
    companies are adding value to people life,
    so if anybody is still having his investment
    in those coy there is no need for panick selling
    of such shares,wait for time they will become
    and sell.

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